The philosophy of an institutional review board for the protection of human subjects.

Protection of human subjects: Institutional Review Board; report and recommendations of National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.

بررسی نقادانه گزارش ملاحظات اخلاقی مقالات منتشر شده در نشریات پرستاری ایران

Abstract Background & Aim: In order to support the rights of the human subjects and to prevent their exposure to the probable risks arising from research, it is necessary to monitor the observance of all ethical principles and codes. This study was conducted to describe the state of ethical considerations’ reports in the nursing studies published by the nursing journals of Iran. Mat...

The purpose, composition, and function of an institutional review board: balancing priorities.

The institutional review board (IRB) is one part of the research enterprise designated to protect human subjects. At times the IRB can feel like an oppressive oversight body bound by regulations and designed to inhibit research. However, in reality the IRB was an attempt by the federal government to streamline a variety of processes to ensure the protection of human subjects. Growing out of a h...

i The institutional review board is an impediment to human research: the result is more animal-based research

Biomedical research today can be generally classified as human-based or nonhuman animal-based, each with separate and distinct review boards that must approve research protocols. Researchers wishing to work with humans or human tissues have become frustrated by the required burdensome approval panel, the Institutional Review Board. However, scientists have found it is much easier to work with t...

Impact of Institutional Ownership and Board Independence on the Relationship Between Excess Free Cash Flow and Earnings Management

However, the free cash flows scale is important for the financial health of the company, but it has also its own limitations. Moreover, it’s not immune from accounting tricks. Free cash flows can be considered as a measure of value for shareholders of listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange. The managers of these companies have tended to use the earnings management for managing the free cash ...